— 照護管理 · HARD · SATA —
護理師處理大量傷患檢傷分類。哪些病人應歸類為「緊急」（紅標）？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is responsible for a mass casualty incident triage. Which patients would the nurse categorize as 'Emergent' (Red tag)? (Select all that apply.)
- AA client with an open airway obstruction✓ 正解呼吸道阻塞開放的病人
- BA client with a tension pneumothorax✓ 正解張力性氣胸的病人
- CA client with a closed femur fracture閉鎖性股骨骨折的病人
- DA client with uncontrollable arterial hemorrhage✓ 正解無法控制的動脈出血的病人
- EA client with minor abrasions輕微擦傷的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
大量傷患檢傷中，紅標（Emergent）病人指患有立即性生命威脅但經處置後存活機率高者。包含氣道阻塞、張力性氣胸與大量動脈出血，均需立即處理。閉鎖性股骨骨折屬黃標（延遲處理），輕微擦傷屬綠標（輕傷）。
In mass casualty triage, red-tag (Emergent) clients are those with immediate life-threatening conditions but a high probability of survival with treatment. This includes airway obstruction, tension pneumothorax, and uncontrolled arterial hemorrhage, all of which require immediate intervention. A closed femur fracture is yellow-tag (delayed treatment), and minor abrasions are green-tag (minor injury).
✦ 台美臨床差異
大量傷患檢傷體系（START 模式）在美台標準一致，但台灣災難護理經驗較少，需仰賴平時演習。