一位病人診斷為氣胸。護理師預期會見到何種臨床表現？
A client is diagnosed with a pneumothorax. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to see?
- AAbsent breath sounds on the affected side✓ 正解患側呼吸音消失
- BBilateral crackles雙側捻发音
- CWheezing throughout the lungs全肺哮鳴音
- DIncreased breath sounds on the affected side患側呼吸音增強
氣胸（pneumothorax）是指胸膜腔內積聚了空氣，導致肺部無法完全擴張。當空氣進入胸膜腔時，會破壞肺部與胸壁之間的負壓，使得肺部自然回縮塌陷。 核心概念：肺部聽診的原理是透過骨傳導或氣導傳遞聲音。若肺部因氣胸而塌陷，空氣無法在肺泡內流動和交換，因此聲音傳導會顯著減弱或消失。 臨床思路：ABC 原則中的 A（Airway）和 D（Breathing）是氣胸病人的首要評估重點。呼吸音的變化是診斷氣胸最直接且重要的臨床徵象。
Pneumothorax refers to the accumulation of air in the pleural space, preventing the lung from expanding fully. When air enters the pleural space, it disrupts the negative pressure between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. Core concept: Lung auscultation relies on bone conduction or air conduction to transmit sound. If the lung is collapsed due to pneumothorax, air cannot flow and exchange within the alveoli, so sound transmission is significantly diminished or absent. Clinical reasoning: Within the ABC principle, A (Airway) and D (Breathing) are the priorities of assessment for a patient with pneumothorax. Changes in breath sounds are the most direct and important clinical sign for diagnosing pneumothorax.