— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位低鉀血症病人。下列哪項發現需優先回報給醫療團隊？
A nurse is caring for a client with hypokalemia. Which finding should the nurse prioritize reporting to the healthcare provider?
- AIrregular heart rate and flattened T-waves on the ECG✓ 正解心律不整及心電圖上T波扁平
- BMuscle cramps and weakness in the lower extremities下肢肌肉痙攣與無力
- CPolyuria and polydipsia多尿與煩渴
- DDecreased bowel sounds and abdominal distension腸鳴音減弱與腹部脹氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低鉀血症最嚴重的併發症是心律不整，心電圖出現 Flattened T-waves 或 U-waves 代表心肌傳導受影響，可能隨時惡化為致命性心律不整。其他神經肌肉或腸胃症狀雖亦為低鉀表現，但相較於心臟停搏風險，心電圖改變為最危急的生理適應指標。
The most serious complication of hypokalemia is cardiac dysrhythmia. Flattened T waves or U waves on the ECG indicate impaired myocardial conduction and may deteriorate at any time into life-threatening arrhythmias. Although neuromuscular or gastrointestinal symptoms are also features of hypokalemia, ECG changes carry the highest risk of cardiac arrest and are therefore the most critical indicator of physiologic adaptation.
✦ 台美臨床差異