— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些活動對糖尿病個案屬於「三級預防」？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following activities are considered tertiary prevention for a client with diabetes? (Select all that apply.)
- AAttending a diabetic foot care workshop✓ 正解參加糖尿病足部護理工作坊
- BManaging blood glucose to prevent complications like neuropathy✓ 正解控制血糖以預防神經病變等併發症
- CRegular blood pressure screenings for general population針對一般族群進行定期血壓篩檢
- DCardiac rehabilitation after a myocardial infarction心肌梗塞後的心臟復健
- EScreening for retinopathy in patients with known diabetes✓ 正解對已知糖尿病患者進行視網膜病變篩檢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
三級預防旨在「減少已有疾病的併發症與殘障」。對於糖尿病個案，足部護理（A）、控制血糖以防止神經病變（B）、視網膜檢查（E）皆為預防併發症的手段。C 為次級預防（篩檢）；D 雖為三級預防，但針對的是心梗後而非糖尿病。
Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the complications and disability of an established disease. For clients with diabetes, foot care (A), controlling blood glucose to prevent neuropathy (B), and screening for retinopathy (E) are all measures intended to prevent complications. Option C is secondary prevention (screening); option D is tertiary prevention but is directed at post-myocardial infarction care, not specifically at diabetes.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對預防醫學的定義架構完全相同，均以個案健康狀態為核心。