社區護理師向高齡族群衛教防跌措施。下列哪些策略最有效？（選所有適合的）
A community nurse is educating a group of older adults about fall prevention. Which strategies are most effective? (Select all that apply.)
- ARemove throw rugs from the living area✓ 正解移除客廳中的散落地毯
- BInstall grab bars in the bathroom✓ 正解在浴室安裝扶手
- CIncrease lighting in hallways and stairs✓ 正解增加走廊和樓梯的照明
- DUse slippers with leather soles for better mobility穿著皮底拖鞋以方便活動
- EParticipate in regular balance and strength training✓ 正解參與定期的平衡與肌力訓練
防跌衛教的核心在於居家環境評估與個體機能強化。移除地毯、安裝扶手與改善照明能顯著降低居家跌倒機率。運動介入（如太極拳或阻力訓練）能改善步態穩定度與肌肉力量，預防因肌少症導致的跌倒。選項 D 錯誤，皮底拖鞋摩擦力不足，容易打滑。
The core of fall-prevention teaching lies in home-environment assessment and strengthening individual function. Removing rugs, installing grab bars, and improving lighting can significantly reduce the risk of home falls. Exercise interventions (such as tai chi or resistance training) improve gait stability and muscle strength, preventing falls caused by sarcopenia. Option D is incorrect because slippers with leather soles have insufficient friction and are prone to slipping.
美國社區護理較強調居家環境評估諮詢；台灣則常結合長照 2.0 中的物理治療師進行居家無障礙環境改善方案。