— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位新診斷糖尿病的病人正在學習足部護理。護理師應強調下列哪項衛教？
A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is learning to care for their feet. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize?
- ASoak feet daily in hot water to soften skin每日用熱水浸泡雙腳以軟化皮膚
- BWalk barefoot at home to allow feet to breathe在家赤腳行走以讓雙腳透氣
- CInspect feet daily for cuts, blisters, or redness✓ 正解每日檢查雙腳是否有割傷、水泡或紅腫
- DCut toenails in a curved shape at the corners將趾甲兩角修剪成圓弧形
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
糖尿病足部照護重點在於早期發現潰瘍。每天檢查有無紅腫、水泡或傷口是關鍵。糖尿病病人神經病變常導致對疼痛不敏感，因此每天自我檢查至關重要。不宜泡熱水（易灼傷）、不宜修剪成圓弧形（易造成嵌甲）、不可赤腳行走（防異物刺傷）。
The focus of diabetic foot care is early detection of ulcers. Inspecting the feet daily for redness, blisters, or wounds is critical. Because diabetic neuropathy often impairs pain perception, daily self-inspection is essential. Soaking in hot water (which can cause burns), cutting the toenails in a curved shape (which can cause ingrown nails), and walking barefoot (which risks puncture injury) should all be avoided.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國糖尿病衛教常由糖尿病衛教師（CDE）主導，台灣亦有 CDE 制度，但護理師在病房的衛教角色仍很吃重。