一位急性腎損傷（AKI）病人，哪項檢驗結果顯示需要緊急透析？
Which lab finding in a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) indicates the need for urgent dialysis?
- ASerum sodium of 135 mEq/L血清鈉135 mEq/L
- BSerum creatinine of 2.0 mg/dL血清肌酸酐2.0 mg/dL
- CSerum potassium of 6.8 mEq/L✓ 正解血清鉀6.8 mEq/L
- DBlood urea nitrogen of 40 mg/dL血尿素氮40 mg/dL
急性腎損傷（AKI）導致代謝廢物與電解質滯留。高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）是 AKI 最具威脅性的急症，當血鉀高於 6.5 mEq/L 時，心肌細胞去極化受到嚴重影響，極易引發致命性心律不整（如心室顫動），是緊急透析（Dialysis）的絕對指徵。其他數值雖反映腎功能下降，但若生命徵象穩定，非立即透析首選。
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes retention of metabolic waste and electrolytes. Hyperkalemia is the most life-threatening emergency in AKI: when serum potassium rises above 6.5 mEq/L, depolarization of cardiac myocytes is severely affected, readily precipitating lethal dysrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation, and this is an absolute indication for emergent dialysis. The other values, although reflecting declining renal function, do not warrant immediate dialysis as the first choice if vital signs remain stable.