NurslixJournal
生理適應 · EASY · MCQ

病人被診斷為低血鉀,護理師在評估時應優先關注哪項臨床表徵?

A client is diagnosed with hypokalemia. Which finding should the nurse prioritize during assessment?

  • AMuscle cramping in the legs
    腿部肌肉痙攣
  • BIrregular heart rhythm✓ 正解
    心律不整
  • CHyperactive bowel sounds
    腸蠕動音亢進
  • DIncreased urinary output
    尿量增加
Explanation · 中文詳解

鉀離子(Potassium)是維持心肌細胞靜止膜電位(Resting membrane potential)的最關鍵電解質。低血鉀(Hypokalemia, K+ < 3.5 mEq/L)會導致心肌細胞過度極化,延緩再極化過程,進而引發致命性心律不整(如心室頻脈或心室顫動)。在 NCLEX 的 ABCs 與優先順序架構下,心臟節律(B)的穩定性直接關係到循環(Circulation),其優先權遠高於消化系統的蠕動(C)或肌肉抽搐(A)。護理師應密切監測心電圖(EKG)中是否有 U 波出現或 T 波扁平。

Irregular heart rhythm is the highest priority finding because hypokalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias. While muscle cramps and fatigue are common symptoms, cardiac stability takes precedence in the ABCs framework, requiring immediate EKG monitoring for changes like U waves or flattened T waves.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美對於低血鉀的處理指引一致。需注意美國 NCLEX 非常強調「不可靜脈推注(IV Push)鉀離子」,這在台灣也是禁忌,但在考試中是極高頻的考點。

Related · 同分類的其他題目

More from Physiological Adaptation

瀏覽全部 2,580 題 生理適應 →
Jump to another chapter