大腿骨骨折後，哪項評估發現是脂肪栓塞症候群的徵兆？
Which assessment finding is a sign of fat embolism syndrome after a femur fracture?
- ANausea and vomiting噁心與嘔吐
- BIncreased blood pressure血壓升高
- CPetechiae on the chest and neck✓ 正解胸部與頸部出現瘀點
- DDecreased respiratory rate呼吸速率減慢
脂肪栓塞症候群 (Fat Embolism Syndrome, FES) 是一種嚴重併發症，常見於長骨骨折（如大腿骨骨折）後 24-72 小時內。當骨折發生時，骨髓中的脂肪顆粒可能進入血液循環，形成脂肪栓子，進而栓塞肺部微血管、腦部血管和皮膚微血管。FES 的典型三聯徵包括呼吸窘迫、中樞神經系統功能障礙和皮膚瘀斑 (petechiae)。這些症狀的出現提示脂肪栓子已廣泛影響身體各系統，需要立即識別和支持性治療，以避免危及生命。
Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious complication usually seen within 24-72 hours after long-bone fractures (e.g., femoral fractures). At fracture, fat globules from the marrow can enter the circulation, lodging in pulmonary capillaries, cerebral vessels, and dermal capillaries. The classic triad of FES is respiratory distress, CNS dysfunction, and petechiae. These signs indicate widespread fat emboli affecting multiple systems and require prompt recognition and supportive treatment to avoid a life-threatening outcome.