— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導病人關於鋰鹽（Lithium）治療。應包含哪些衛教？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about lithium therapy. What should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain adequate fluid intake✓ 正解維持充足之液體攝取
- BMonitor for tremors and diarrhea✓ 正解監測震顫與腹瀉
- CKeep salt intake consistent✓ 正解保持鹽分攝取一致
- DRestrict caffeine consumption限制咖啡因攝取
- ETake with meals to minimize GI distress✓ 正解隨餐服用以減少腸胃不適
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鋰鹽治療指數窄（Narrow therapeutic index）。鹽分與水分攝取必須恆定，若鈉攝取減少（如流汗多、限鹽），鋰鹽容易滯留導致中毒。常見副作用為震顫（Tremors）與腹瀉（Diarrhea）。餐後服用可減少腸胃刺激。
Lithium has a narrow therapeutic index. Salt and water intake must remain constant; if sodium intake decreases (such as with profuse sweating or salt restriction), lithium tends to accumulate and produce toxicity. Common side effects include tremors and diarrhea. Taking the drug with meals reduces gastrointestinal irritation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣精神科護理系統對鋰鹽血藥濃度（Trough level）監測極為重視。