護理師在為一位疑似髖部骨折等待手術的病人擺位時，哪項動作最合適？

髖部骨折（Hip fracture）在手術前，病人的擺位（Positioning）至關重要，旨在減輕疼痛、預防併發症，並避免骨折端進一步移位。核心概念是維持患肢的穩定性與中立對位。 正確答案 C，將髖部骨折的患肢維持在中立對位（Neutral alignment）是最合適的。這表示保持肢體處於自然、不內收、不外展、不旋轉的狀態。通常會使用枕頭或支架來支撐患肢，確保其穩定，減少對骨折部位的壓力，並預防因不當移動引起的額外疼痛或損傷。 選項 A 錯誤，內收（Adduction）患肢可能會增加髖關節的壓力，加劇疼痛，並可能導致骨折端移位。選項 D 錯誤，頻繁彎曲髖關節（Flex the hip joint）以評估活動度，對於疑似骨折的病人來說是禁忌的，因為這可能導致骨折不穩定、疼痛加劇，甚至損傷周圍的神經血管。活動度評估應在骨折癒合後，由物理治療師進行。選項 B 錯誤，在兩腿之間放置枕頭通常是為了預防內收（保持外展或中立位），而不是為了允許內旋（internal rotation）。內旋會使骨折端產生不穩定的旋轉力，應避免。

Preoperative positioning is critical for a patient with a hip fracture (Hip fracture); the goals are to relieve pain, prevent complications, and avoid further displacement of the fracture fragments. The core concept is to maintain stability and neutral alignment of the affected limb. The correct answer is C: maintaining the affected limb of a hip fracture in neutral alignment is most appropriate. This means keeping the limb in a natural position — without adduction, abduction, or rotation. Pillows or supports are typically used to stabilize the affected limb, ensure its stability, reduce pressure on the fracture site, and prevent additional pain or injury from improper movement. Option A is incorrect — adduction of the affected limb can increase pressure on the hip joint, exacerbate pain, and potentially displace the fracture fragments. Option D is incorrect — frequently flexing the hip joint to assess range of motion is contraindicated in a patient with a suspected fracture, since it can cause fracture instability, worsen pain, and even injure surrounding neurovascular structures. Range of motion assessment should be performed by a physical therapist after the fracture has healed. Option B is incorrect — a pillow placed between the legs is typically used to prevent adduction (to maintain abduction or neutral position), not to allow internal rotation. Internal rotation produces an unstable rotational force on the fracture fragments and should be avoided.