— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師協助早期巴金森氏症病人行走，下列哪項做法最安全？
A nurse is assisting a client with early-stage Parkinson's disease with ambulation. Which is the safest approach?
- AInstruct the client to walk with a wide-based gait✓ 正解指示客戶以寬基底步態行走
- BPush the client from behind to increase speed從背後推擠客戶以增加速度
- CEncourage the client to use short, shuffling steps鼓勵客戶使用短促、拖曳的步伐
- DHave the client look down at their feet while walking讓客戶在行走時低頭看自己的腳
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
巴金森氏症（Parkinson's disease）因基底核功能障礙，導致姿勢反射受損與步態不穩。採用「寬基底步態（Wide-based gait）」能增加身體的平衡支撐面積，降低跌倒風險。低頭看腳會改變重心，導致身體前傾；小碎步易導致步態凍結；推病人會破壞其平衡機制。護理指導應鼓勵病人抬頭挺胸，跨大步走路以改善步態。
Instructing the client to walk with a wide-based gait enhances stability by increasing the base of support, which is crucial for clients with impaired postural reflexes. This technique reduces the risk of falls associated with the shuffling gait and balance deficits characteristic of Parkinson's disease.