— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人被開立處方靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq。護理師為確保病人安全，應採取哪項必要行動？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq. Which action by the nurse is essential for patient safety?
- AEnsure the medication is diluted in an appropriate volume of fluid✓ 正解確保藥物稀釋於適當容量的液體中
- BCheck the client's blood glucose level before administration給藥前檢查病人的血糖值
- CAdminister the medication via IV push over 2 minutes在 2 分鐘內經靜脈推注給藥
- DInfuse the medication through an intramuscular site透過肌肉注射部位輸注藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注鉀離子具有高度危險性，高濃度會引起血管劇痛及靜脈炎，必須嚴格遵守藥物稀釋原則，絕不可直接靜脈推注（IV Push），否則會導致心跳停止。護理師在給藥前需確保藥物已根據機構指引進行稀釋，並使用輸液幫浦控制速度。
Intravenous potassium chloride (KCl) is highly dangerous, and high concentrations cause severe vascular pain and phlebitis. Strict adherence to dilution guidelines is mandatory, and IV push administration is absolutely prohibited — it can cause cardiac arrest. Before administration, the nurse must ensure the drug has been diluted according to institutional guidelines and the infusion controlled by a pump.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台兩地對於高警訊藥物（High-Alert Meds）的規範皆嚴格，雙重簽核機制在兩地臨床均為標準作業程序。