— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
一位病人正接受全靜脈營養(TPN)輸注,下列哪些護理措施是適當的?(選所有適合的)
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which nursing interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AUse an infusion pump to control flow rate✓ 正解使用輸注幫浦控制流速
- BMonitor blood glucose levels every 6 hours✓ 正解每 6 小時監測血糖
- CChange the IV tubing every 24 hours每 24 小時更換靜脈輸液管路
- DMaintain a consistent infusion rate to prevent hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia✓ 正解維持一致的輸注速率以預防高血糖/低血糖
- EHang D10W if the next bag of TPN is unavailable✓ 正解若無下一袋 TPN,掛上 D10W
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
TPN 含有高濃度葡萄糖,需使用輸液幫浦確保速率精準;監測血糖防止波動;若 TPN 用罄,需改灌含糖液(如 D10W)以防反彈性低血糖。管路更換頻率通常為 24 小時(僅針對 TPN 營養袋與連接管,視醫院規範),此處選項 C 若指所有情況則需謹慎,但在臨床實務中 TPN 管路更換頻率高以防細菌孳生。
Appropriate interventions include using an infusion pump for precise delivery, monitoring blood glucose every 6 hours due to hyperglycemia risk, maintaining a consistent rate to prevent fluctuations, and hanging D10W if TPN is unavailable to prevent rebound hypoglycemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
TPN 的管路更換頻率與監測政策在美台醫院中皆屬於極嚴格控管項目。