病人獲開立靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq。護理師在給藥前，最高優先級的評估為何？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which assessment is the highest priority for the nurse to perform before administering the medication?
- AReview the client's blood pressure trend檢視病人之血壓趨勢
- BAssess the patency of the intravenous site評估靜脈注射部位之暢通情形
- CCheck the client's serum potassium level檢查病人之血清鉀離子濃度
- DVerify the client's urine output✓ 正解確認病人之尿液排出量
給予鉀離子前，確保腎臟排泄功能正常是首要安全考量。若尿量不足（低於 30 mL/hr），代表腎臟排鉀能力受損，此時給藥極易導致高血鉀甚至心跳停止。雖然血鉀值（C）很重要，但臨床上若無足夠尿量，鉀離子注射是絕對禁忌。
Adequate renal function is the primary safety requirement for administering potassium, as the kidneys are responsible for excreting excess potassium. If urine output is insufficient (typically less than 30 mL/hr), there is a high risk of hyperkalemia, which can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. While serum potassium levels are important, ensuring the kidneys can excrete the medication is the immediate priority.
台美皆強調給予鉀離子前需有尿量紀錄，且通常嚴格要求以幫浦（Infusion Pump）給予，禁忌直接靜脈推注（IV Push）。