護理師在為病人進行身體評估時，哪項動作對於維持醫用無菌技術最重要？
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which action is the most important for maintaining medical asepsis?
- AWiping the stethoscope with alcohol before use使用前以酒精擦拭聽診器
- BPerforming hand hygiene before and after client contact✓ 正解在接觸病人前後執行手部衛生
- CKeeping the environment clean and clutter-free保持環境清潔且無雜物
- DDonning clean gloves before touching the client在觸碰病人前戴上清潔手套
醫用無菌技術（Medical Asepsis）的核心目標是減少微生物的傳播。手部衛生（Hand Hygiene）被公認為預防感染最簡單、最有效且最重要的手段。儘管戴手套或清潔設備也很重要，但它們都無法取代洗手。臨床思路應優先採取最基礎且效益最高的預防措施，即在接觸病人前後徹底清潔手部，以阻斷交叉感染的鏈條。
The core goal of medical asepsis is to reduce the transmission of microorganisms. Hand hygiene is universally recognized as the simplest, most effective, and most important measure for preventing infection. Although wearing gloves and cleaning equipment are also important, neither can replace hand washing. The clinical reasoning is to prioritize the most basic and highest-yield preventive measure — namely, thoroughly cleaning the hands before and after client contact in order to break the chain of cross-infection.
美國醫療機構對手部衛生（Hand Hygiene）的稽核（Compliance Audit）非常嚴格，通常要求符合 CDC 的 Guidelines for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings，護理師常需遵守「5 Moments for Hand Hygiene」的規範。