— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
下列何種臨床表徵顯示病人處於低血容性休克的早期階段？
Which of the following clinical findings indicates early stage of hypovolemic shock?
- AUrine output 10 mL/hr每小時尿量 10 mL
- BBlood pressure 70/40 mmHg血壓 70/40 mmHg
- CUnconsciousness意識喪失
- DHeart rate 110 beats/min✓ 正解心率每分鐘 110 次
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
休克早期，身體會啟動交感神經代償機制，透過增加心跳速率（心搏過速）來維持心輸出量與重要器官的灌流。此時血壓通常尚能維持穩定（代償期），意識清楚。選項 B、A、C 屬於休克晚期或失代償期，表示灌流嚴重不足。
Flushing of the face, neck, and upper chest is characteristic of Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion. The nurse should slow the infusion rate to alleviate symptoms, as this is not an allergic reaction requiring permanent discontinuation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
無顯著差異，臨床對於休克早期與晚期的判斷標準全球一致。