— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師應監測呼吸性酸中毒病人出現哪些徵象?(選所有適合的)
Which signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for a client experiencing respiratory acidosis? (Select all that apply.)
- AConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
- BRapid, shallow respirations快速且淺表的呼吸
- CHeadache✓ 正解頭痛
- DHypoventilation✓ 正解換氣不足
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心跳過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
呼吸性酸中毒(Respiratory acidosis)是由於換氣不足(Hypoventilation)導致二氧化碳(CO2)在體內滯留。CO2 是酸性物質,高濃度的 CO2 會導致血管擴張(引起頭痛)並穿透血腦障壁影響中樞神經功能,導致意識混亂。身體為了代償這種狀況,會刺激交感神經,導致心跳過速。
Respiratory acidosis results from hypoventilation and CO2 retention. Elevated CO2 causes cerebral vasodilation (headache) and depresses the central nervous system (confusion, lethargy). The body compensates with sympathetic stimulation, producing tachycardia. Rapid, shallow breathing is typical of respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis.