護理師在病房廁所發現小火災。將病人移至安全處後，根據 RACE 原則下一步是什麼？

在醫療環境中，火災安全是病人照護的首要考量之一。護理人員必須熟練掌握火災應變措施，以確保病人、訪客及工作人員的生命安全。RACE 原則（Rescue, Alarm, Confine, Extinguish）提供了一個標準化的應變流程，旨在系統性地處理火災事件。此原則強調在任何情況下，救助受威脅的人員永遠是第一優先。完成救人後，立即啟動警報是至關重要的步驟，它能迅速通知消防部門及院內應變團隊，為後續的滅火與疏散爭取寶貴時間。若未及時啟動警報，即使火勢微小，也可能因延誤而擴大，造成無法挽回的後果。

In the health care environment, fire safety is one of the foremost considerations in patient care. Nurses must be proficient in fire response measures to ensure the safety of patients, visitors, and staff. The RACE acronym (Rescue, Alarm, Confine, Extinguish) provides a standardized response framework designed to systematically address a fire event. This principle emphasizes that, under any circumstance, rescuing those at immediate risk is always the top priority. After rescue has been completed, immediately activating the alarm is a critical step that promptly notifies the fire department and the hospital's emergency response team, providing valuable time for subsequent fire suppression and evacuation. Failure to activate the alarm in a timely manner may allow even a small fire to spread, with potentially irreversible consequences.

RACE火災應變原則在美國和台灣的醫院中均被廣泛採用，是護理人員必備的臨床能力。兩地的執行流程和概念基本一致，皆強調「救人為先」的原則。然而，台灣的醫院通常會額外要求護理師在報警後，若在能力範圍內，先嘗試使用滅火器撲滅初期火災，若無法控制再進行後續疏散。美國的訓練則更強調在啟動警報後，除非火勢極小且無危險，否則應優先考慮侷限火勢和等待專業消防人員處理，避免護理人員冒險。