— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在審閱一位新診斷高血壓病人的出院指導，下列何項指導是必須的？
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions for a client with newly diagnosed hypertension. Which instruction is essential?
- AEncourage daily alcohol consumption to promote relaxation鼓勵每日飲酒以促進放鬆
- BTake blood pressure medication only when feeling stressed僅在感到壓力時服用降血壓藥物
- CMaintain a low-sodium diet✓ 正解維持低鈉飲食
- DAvoid all forms of physical activity避免所有形式的體力活動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血壓（Hypertension）的長期管理核心在於生活型態調整（Lifestyle modification）。鈉攝取過多會導致水分滯留（Fluid retention），增加血容量進而升高血壓。低鈉飲食（DASH diet）是臨床首選的非藥物治療策略。護理師應評估病人的飲食習慣，並協助建立長期的自我照護能力，以提升服藥順從性及控制效果。
The cornerstone of long-term management of hypertension is lifestyle modification. Excessive sodium intake causes fluid retention, which increases blood volume and elevates blood pressure. A low-sodium diet (such as the DASH diet) is the first-line non-pharmacologic treatment strategy. The nurse should assess the client's dietary habits and help build long-term self-care capacity to improve medication adherence and blood pressure control.