護理師照護接受全靜脈營養（PN）的病人，下列哪些行動可預防併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AUse a dedicated lumen for PN infusion✓ 正解使用專屬通道進行全靜脈營養輸注
- BChange the IV tubing every 24 hours✓ 正解每 24 小時更換靜脈輸液管路
- CMonitor blood glucose levels every 6 hours✓ 正解每 6 小時監測血糖
- DUse an infusion pump for administration✓ 正解使用輸液幫浦進行給藥
- EApply a sterile dressing according to facility policy✓ 正解依照機構政策使用無菌敷料
PN 高滲透壓且營養豐富，極易造成感染與代謝異常。專屬管路避免藥物不相容與感染、24小時更換輸液管路避免細菌滋生、定時監測血糖防止高血糖、使用輸液幫浦確保速率穩定，以及無菌更換敷料均為降低導管相關血流感染（CRBSI）的關鍵措施。
Parenteral nutrition is high-osmolarity and nutrient-rich, predisposing to infection and metabolic disturbance. Required practices include: (A) a dedicated central lumen to prevent incompatibility and reduce manipulation; (B) changing IV tubing per facility/CDC guidance (typically every 24 hours when lipids are included); (C) glucose monitoring (commonly every 6 hours) to detect hyperglycemia; (D) infusion pump for precise flow rate; (E) sterile dressing changes per policy to minimize CRBSI. All five are correct.
國內外照護指引一致，特別強調 PN 需單獨一條管路，嚴禁與其他藥物混合。