— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位癲癇病人。下列哪種藥物通常作為急性癲癇重積狀態的第一線治療？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of seizures. Which medication is commonly used as a first-line treatment for acute status epilepticus?
- ADiazepam (or Lorazepam)✓ 正解Diazepam（地西泮）或 Lorazepam（勞拉西泮）
- BGabapentinGabapentin（加巴噴丁）
- CPhenytoinPhenytoin（苯妥英）
- DValproic acidValproic acid（丙戊酸）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Status epilepticus（癲癇重積狀態）是醫療緊急情況。首選藥物通常是靜脈注射苯二氮平類藥物（Benzodiazepines，如 Lorazepam 或 Diazepam），因為它們作用快速，能迅速抑制腦部過度放電。Phenytoin 用於長期控制，作用速度較慢。
Status epilepticus is a medical emergency. The drugs of choice are typically IV benzodiazepines (such as lorazepam or diazepam) because they act rapidly to suppress excessive cerebral electrical activity. Phenytoin is used for long-term control and has a slower onset of action.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩國在急診與病房處理癲癇重積狀態的用藥指引高度一致。