— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位服用呋塞米（Furosemide）的心臟衰竭病人。哪項檢驗結果應立即回報醫師？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of heart failure who is taking furosemide. Which lab result should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
- ACreatinine 1.1 mg/dL肌酸酐 1.1 mg/dL
- BPotassium 2.8 mEq/L✓ 正解鉀離子 2.8 mEq/L
- CGlucose 110 mg/dL葡萄糖 110 mg/dL
- DSodium 138 mEq/L鈉離子 138 mEq/L
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 是一種排鉀利尿劑（Loop diuretic）。血鉀 2.8 mEq/L 屬於嚴重低血鉀（正常值 3.5-5.0），會增加心律不整及 Digoxin 中毒的風險，必須立即回報並補充。其餘數值（鈉、血糖、肌酸酐）皆在正常或接近正常範圍。
Furosemide is a potassium-wasting loop diuretic. A potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L is severe hypokalemia (normal 3.5-5.0 mEq/L), which increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and digoxin toxicity, and must be reported immediately and corrected. The other values (sodium, glucose, and creatinine) are within or near the normal range.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對電解質正常值的定義相同。美國 NCLEX 非常強調「致命性數值」的優先處理順序（Prioritization）。