病人獲開立靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq。護理師給藥前應優先採取哪項措施？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which action by the nurse is the priority before administration?
- AAssess the client's hourly urine output✓ 正解評估病人的每小時尿量
- BVerify the concentration and infusion rate核對濃度與輸注速率
- CEnsure the IV site has no redness確保靜脈穿刺部位無紅腫
- DCheck the serum potassium level檢查血清鉀濃度
給予鉀離子前，必須確認腎功能正常，因鉀離子主要透過腎臟代謝。若尿量小於 30 ml/hr，表示腎功能不全，給藥易導致高血鉀。雖然確認濃度（B）與血鉀濃度（D）也很重要，但尿量反映即時排泄能力，是防止致命性高血鉀的最先決安全條件。
Before administering potassium, normal renal function must be confirmed, as potassium is primarily excreted by the kidneys. A urine output of less than 30 mL/hr suggests renal insufficiency, and administration may readily cause hyperkalemia. Although verifying concentration (B) and reviewing the serum potassium level (D) are also important, urine output reflects real-time excretory capacity and is the most fundamental safety prerequisite to prevent fatal hyperkalemia.
美台臨床皆嚴格要求鉀離子給藥前評估尿量，特別是靜脈給藥，以預防醫源性高血鉀。