— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師向一位新診斷為心臟衰竭的病人進行出院指導。何項指導是優先的？
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with newly diagnosed heart failure. Which instruction is a priority?
- ATake prescribed medications服用處方藥物
- BMonitor daily weight✓ 正解監測每日體重
- CLimit sodium intake限制鈉攝取
- DReport shortness of breath回報呼吸困難
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
每日監測體重是監測心臟衰竭惡化的最敏感指標，體重快速增加（24小時內>2磅，一週內>5磅）常是液體滯留的早期信號，能及早發現並處理。雖然限鈉、服藥、回報症狀都很重要，但每日量體重能提供量化的、量化的早期預警。
Daily weight monitoring is the most sensitive indicator of worsening heart failure. Rapid weight gain (more than 2 lb in 24 hours or more than 5 lb in a week) is often an early sign of fluid retention and allows early detection and management. Although sodium restriction, medication adherence, and reporting symptoms are all important, daily weight provides a quantified, early warning.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對於心衰竭病人的出院指導，常會提供詳細的衛教手冊和追蹤門診；台灣亦有，但病人的遵從度和追蹤體系可能因地區和醫療資源差異而有所不同。