病人診斷為低血鉀，護理師準備給予氯化鉀。下列哪項評估最關鍵？
A client is diagnosed with hypokalemia. The nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride. Which nursing assessment is most critical?
- AVerify the presence of a patent IV site確認靜脈通路暢通
- BMonitor for muscle weakness監測肌肉無力情形
- CAssess the client's heart rhythm評估病患的心律
- DCheck the client's current urine output✓ 正解檢查病患目前的尿液排出量
補充鉀離子（Potassium）前，最重要的安全評估是腎臟功能。因為鉀離子主要由腎臟排出，若病人無尿或少尿（Anuria/Oliguria），給予鉀離子會迅速導致致命性的高血鉀（Hyperkalemia），引發心律不整甚至心跳停止。因此，確認尿量（Urine output）是給予補鉀藥物前的「先決條件」。
The first action is to assess the client's blood pressure to obtain objective data regarding potential hypertensive emergency, as assessment precedes intervention in the nursing process. Moving the client or administering medication without current vital signs is unsafe and could exacerbate symptoms or mask critical information. The physician should be notified only after the nurse has gathered this essential assessment data.
在美國醫院，給予鉀離子前通常有嚴格的 protocol，護理師必須確認最近的 Creatinine 值及尿量。若無尿量紀錄，護理師有權且必須拒絕給藥並諮詢醫師。