— 照護管理 · HARD · MCQ —
護理長準備實施病歷系統的變更，根據 Lewin 的變革理論，哪項措施最能促進變革？
A nurse manager is planning to implement a change in the documentation system. Which action should the manager take to best facilitate change according to Lewin’s change theory?
- AForcing the change immediately to avoid resistance強制立即推行變革以避免抗拒。
- BEvaluating the system only after two years of implementation僅在實施兩年後評估系統。
- CIdentifying current barriers and creating a need for the change during the 'Unfreezing' stage✓ 正解在『解凍』階段識別當前障礙並創造變革需求。
- DIgnoring the input of staff nurses until the change is complete在變革完成前忽略護理人員的意見。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Lewin 的變革理論將過程分為「解凍 (Unfreezing)」、「變革 (Movement)」與「再結凍 (Refreezing)」。解凍階段的重點在於克服現狀的穩定性，並透過溝通創造變革需求，降低員工對改變的抗拒。
Lewin's change theory divides the process into three stages: unfreezing, movement, and refreezing. The focus of the unfreezing stage is to overcome the stability of the current state and, through communication, create a felt need for change and reduce staff resistance.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國提倡共享治理（Shared Governance）；台灣醫院多由上而下（Top-down）決策，護理師較少參與行政決策流程。