— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位急性胰臟炎病人，在生理適應上最容易面臨哪種併發症風險？
A client with acute pancreatitis is at high risk for which complication related to physiological adaptation?
- AHyperglycemia高血糖
- BMetabolic alkalosis代謝性鹼中毒
- CHypertension高血壓
- DHypovolemic shock✓ 正解低血容積性休克
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎會引發嚴重的發炎反應，導致血管通透性增加，大量液體滲漏至第三間隙（腹腔與腹膜後空間），引起低血容積與血管擴張，若未及時補液，極易進展為休克。雖然可能會出現血糖升高或酸中毒，但低血容積休克是導致死亡的最主要急性生理威脅。
Acute pancreatitis triggers a severe inflammatory response that increases vascular permeability, causing large amounts of fluid to shift into the third space (the peritoneum and retroperitoneum) and resulting in hypovolemia and vasodilation. Without timely fluid replacement, this can rapidly progress to shock. Although hyperglycemia and acidosis may also occur, hypovolemic shock represents the greatest acute physiologic threat to life.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對於急性胰臟炎的液體復甦（Fluid resuscitation）原則一致，皆強調積極補充等張晶體溶液。