— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
在大量傷患事件中，護理師運用災害檢傷分類原則時，應執行下列哪些行動？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when applying the principles of disaster triage during a mass casualty event? (Select all that apply.)
- AAssign a red tag to a client with a tension pneumothorax✓ 正解對患有張力性氣胸的病人貼上紅色標籤
- BAssign a black tag to a client who is pulseless and non-breathing✓ 正解對無脈搏且無呼吸的病人貼上黑色標籤
- CAssign a green tag to a client with simple fractures✓ 正解對患有單純性骨折的病人貼上綠色標籤
- DAssign a yellow tag to a client with severe, uncontrolled hemorrhage對患有嚴重且無法控制之出血的病人貼上黃色標籤
- EPrioritize patients based on the greatest good for the greatest number✓ 正解基於最大多數人的最大利益來優先處理病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
大量傷患檢傷分類（Triage）目的在於有限資源下拯救最多生命。紅色（立即）為有生命威脅但可救治者，如氣胸；黑色（期待）為無生命徵象者；綠色（輕傷）為行走自如者；黃色（延遲）為穩定但需觀察者。嚴重出血應歸為紅色，不可延遲。
The purpose of mass-casualty triage is to save the greatest number of lives with limited resources. Red (immediate) is for those with life-threatening but treatable conditions, such as pneumothorax; black (expectant) is for those without vital signs; green (minor) is for those who are ambulatory; yellow (delayed) is for those who are stable but require observation. Severe hemorrhage should be tagged red and cannot be delayed.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國多採用 START 系統，台灣臨床對大量傷患檢傷原則概念相似，但在大型災難演練中，台灣更強調跨機構協調。