— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師收治一名懷疑患有活動性肺結核的病人，應優先採取何種措施？
A nurse is admitting a client with suspected active tuberculosis. Which action should the nurse take first?
- ASchedule a chest x-ray安排胸部X光檢查
- BObtain a sputum culture採集痰液培養
- CAdminister an antitubercular medication給予抗結核藥物
- DInitiate airborne precautions✓ 正解實施空氣飛沫隔離措施
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核經由飛沫核傳播，傳染性極高。首要護理重點為保護其他病人與醫療人員，必須立即採取空氣傳播預防措施（隔離在負壓病房並配戴 N95 口罩）。B、A、C 皆為診斷或治療程序，皆在安全隔離措施建立後才進行。
Airborne precautions are the first priority for a client with suspected active tuberculosis to prevent transmission to others. The client should be placed in a negative-pressure room, and healthcare personnel must wear N95 respirators, while diagnostic and treatment steps follow once isolation is established.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於 TB 的感染控制規範高度一致，皆嚴格要求空氣隔離措施。