— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位疑似水痘(varicella)的病人,應採取哪些隔離防護措施?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected case of varicella (chickenpox). Which types of isolation precautions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- AStandard precautions✓ 正解標準防護措施
- BContact precautions接觸防護措施
- CDroplet precautions飛沫防護措施
- DAirborne precautions✓ 正解空氣防護措施
- ENegative-pressure room✓ 正解負壓隔離病房
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
水痘具有高度傳染性,可透過空氣微粒傳播,因此必須採取空氣隔離(Airborne)。同時,所有病人皆需執行標準防護(Standard),且水痘病毒可透過直接接觸水泡滲出液感染,故也應維持接觸隔離。負壓病房能防止病原擴散至公共區域。
Varicella is highly contagious and can be transmitted by airborne particles, so Airborne Precautions must be implemented. At the same time, Standard Precautions are required for all clients, and because the varicella virus can infect via direct contact with vesicular fluid, Contact Precautions should also be maintained. A negative-pressure room prevents the pathogen from spreading to public areas.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對水痘通常採取嚴格的負壓隔離;美國某些機構若無負壓病房,則會將病人安置於單獨通風良好的病房。