— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人開始服用 ACE 抑制劑，護理師應監測哪項不良反應？
A client is starting on an ACE inhibitor. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for?
- AConstipation便秘
- BDry, persistent cough✓ 正解乾性、持續性咳嗽
- CWeight gain體重增加
- DSevere hypertension嚴重高血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
血管收縮素轉換酶抑制劑（ACE Inhibitors）如 Lisinopril，常見機轉是抑制 ACE 酵素，導致緩激肽（Bradykinin）在呼吸道堆積，進而引發刺激性乾咳。這是 ACEI 類藥物常見的副作用，與過敏反應無關。護理師需監測此症狀，若影響生活品質，醫師通常會評估改用血管收縮素受體阻斷劑（ARB）。
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as lisinopril work by inhibiting the ACE enzyme, which causes bradykinin to accumulate in the airway and trigger an irritating dry cough. This is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors and is not an allergic reaction. The nurse must monitor for this symptom, and if it affects quality of life, the physician will generally consider switching to an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).