慢性腎臟病病人接受 Epoetin Alfa 治療。護理師應將哪項發現視為治療效果？
A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving Epoetin Alfa. The nurse should identify which finding as a therapeutic effect?
- ADecreased serum creatinine血清肌酸酐降低
- BIncreased white blood cell count白血球計數增加
- CIncreased hematocrit and hemoglobin✓ 正解血比容和血紅素增加
- DDecreased blood pressure血壓降低
Epoetin Alfa（紅血球生成素阿爾法）是一種重組人類紅血球生成素（Erythropoietin），主要用於治療慢性腎臟病（Chronic Kidney Disease, CKD）引起的貧血。其作用機轉是刺激骨髓中的紅血球前驅細胞（Erythroid progenitor cells）增生與分化，進而增加紅血球的生成。因此，評估其治療效果的關鍵指標是與紅血球相關的血液學參數。 護理師在給藥後應密切監測病人的血液常規檢查結果，特別是血比容（Hematocrit, Hct）和血紅素（Hemoglobin, Hgb）的變化。這些數值若能逐漸升高並維持在目標範圍內，即表示藥物達到預期的治療效果，有助於改善貧血相關症狀，提升病人的生活品質。同時，也要注意監測血壓，因為血比容快速升高可能導致高血壓，這屬於副作用而非治療效果。
Epoetin alfa is a recombinant human erythropoietin used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease by stimulating red blood cell production. The therapeutic effect is evidenced by an increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, which helps alleviate symptoms of anemia. It does not improve renal function or affect white blood cell counts, and hypertension is a known side effect rather than a therapeutic outcome.