護理師照護一位跌倒高風險的老年病人，應建議進行哪些環境改造？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for an older client who is at high risk for falls. Which environmental modification should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply.)
- ARemove throw rugs from the floor✓ 正解移除地板上的拋光地毯
- BInstall grab bars in the bathroom✓ 正解在浴室安裝扶手
- CEnsure adequate lighting in hallways✓ 正解確保走廊有充足的照明
- DUse furniture for support while walking行走時利用傢俱作為支撐
- EApply non-slip adhesive strips to stairs✓ 正解在樓梯上貼附防滑膠帶
預防老年人跌倒的核心在於「環境移除危險源」與「提供穩定支持」。護理師需評估居家或病室環境，針對絆倒物（地毯、電線）、光線不足、缺乏支撐點進行改造。正確的護理思路是消除潛在風險，而非改變病人的依賴方式（如使用家具）。所有改造目標均是為了提供一個無障礙且具備安全抓握點的環境，並確保視覺功能不受光線昏暗影響。
The core of fall prevention in older adults lies in 'removing environmental hazards' and 'providing stable support.' The nurse must assess the home or hospital room environment and modify it with regard to trip hazards (rugs, cords), inadequate lighting, and lack of support points. Correct nursing thinking is to eliminate potential risks rather than to alter the client's pattern of dependency (such as using furniture for support). All modifications aim to provide a barrier-free environment with safe handholds and to ensure that visual function is not compromised by dim lighting.
美國居家照護（Home Health）評估中，Occupational Therapist（職能治療師）常會參與環境評估，護理師需具備識別這些環境風險並轉介 OT 的能力。