護理師照護一位接受連續膀胱沖洗（CBI）的病人，下列哪些發現需回報醫師？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI). Which findings should the nurse report to the provider? (Select all that apply.)
- AThe output is bright red with large clots✓ 正解尿液呈鮮紅色並夾帶大血塊
- BThe client reports bladder spasms病人報告膀胱痙攣
- CThe total output is less than the amount of irrigation infused✓ 正解總輸出量小於輸注的沖洗液量
- DThe urine is light pink in color尿液呈淡粉紅色
- EThe client reports a feeling of fullness in the bladder✓ 正解病人報告膀胱有脹滿感
CBI 目的為防止血塊阻塞。輸出液呈現鮮紅色且有大血塊、總排出量小於灌注量，以及病人有膀胱漲滿感，皆暗示沖洗液流出受阻或大量出血，需立即評估有無血塊阻塞及回報。輕微粉紅色尿液為預期結果；輕微痙攣常與氣球導管刺激有關，可先嘗試緩解。
The purpose of CBI is to prevent obstruction by clots. Output that is bright red with large clots, total output less than the amount of irrigation infused, and the client's sensation of bladder fullness all suggest obstruction of irrigation outflow or significant bleeding, and require immediate assessment for clot obstruction and notification of the provider. Light pink urine is an expected finding; mild spasms are commonly related to balloon catheter irritation and can be addressed conservatively first.
美國護理師依據 Order 調整沖洗速度的權限較大；台灣通常需醫師下明確的調速醫囑。