— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人被診斷為急性胰臟炎，下列哪項飲食衛教最適當？
A client is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Which dietary instruction is most appropriate?
- ANPO (nothing by mouth) and IV fluids✓ 正解禁食（NPO）及靜脈補液
- BHigh-fat, low-protein diet高脂、低蛋白飲食
- CSmall, frequent meals rich in carbohydrates富含碳水化合物的少量多餐
- DClear liquid diet with coffee含咖啡的清質飲食
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎治療的核心是讓胰臟休息（Pancreatic rest）。急性期通常採 NPO 策略，並給予靜脈輸液維持水電解質平衡，以減少胰臟消化酵素的分泌，防止進一步的組織損傷與自體消化，待疼痛緩解後再循序漸進由清流質開始恢復飲食。
The cornerstone of treatment for acute pancreatitis is pancreatic rest. In the acute phase the client is typically kept NPO and given IV fluids to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, in order to reduce pancreatic enzyme secretion and prevent further tissue injury and autodigestion. Once pain subsides, oral intake is gradually advanced beginning with clear liquids.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國臨床早期營養（Enteral Nutrition）介入較積極，台灣傳統上傾向等待腹痛緩解後才進食，近期觀念已趨一致。