— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
一位病人被診斷為甲狀腺功能亢進。護理師應預期觀察到哪些臨床表現？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which clinical findings should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.)
- AWeight loss✓ 正解體重減輕
- BHeat intolerance✓ 正解不耐熱
- CBradycardia心搏過緩
- DExophthalmos✓ 正解眼球突出
- EInsomnia✓ 正解失眠
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺功能亢進（Hyperthyroidism）導致代謝率異常升高。臨床表現包括：體重減輕（儘管食慾增加）、怕熱（Heat intolerance）、失眠、心跳過速、甲狀腺腫大及格雷夫氏病（Graves' disease）常見的眼球突出（Exophthalmos）。心搏過緩則是甲狀腺功能低下（Hypothyroidism）的特徵。
Hyperthyroidism causes an abnormally elevated metabolic rate. Clinical manifestations include weight loss (despite increased appetite), heat intolerance, insomnia, tachycardia, goiter, and exophthalmos, which is commonly seen in Graves' disease. Bradycardia, in contrast, is a feature of hypothyroidism.