照顧吞嚥困難的病人時，給藥最重要的行動為何？
Which action is most important when administering a medication to a client with a history of dysphagia?
- ACrush all medications壓碎所有藥物
- BAdminister medication while the client is lying flat在病患平躺時給藥
- CAssess the client's ability to swallow✓ 正解評估病患的吞嚥能力
- DMix medication with a large amount of water將藥物與大量水混合
吞嚥困難（dysphagia）的病人存在誤嚥（aspiration）的風險，意即食物、液體或藥物進入氣管而非食道。這可能導致吸入性肺炎（aspiration pneumonia），一種嚴重的肺部感染。 核心概念：安全給藥是護理的首要原則。對於有吞嚥困難的病人，確保藥物能安全抵達胃部，避免進入呼吸道，是給藥前最重要的評估環節。 臨床思路：在執行任何侵入性或有潛在風險的護理措施前，必須先評估病人的狀況。給藥看似簡單，但對於吞嚥困難者，潛在的吸入風險極高，因此評估其吞嚥能力是確保安全的關鍵第一步。
Clients with dysphagia are at risk for aspiration, meaning that food, fluids, or medications may enter the trachea rather than the esophagus. This can lead to aspiration pneumonia, a serious pulmonary infection. Core concept: safe medication administration is a primary nursing principle. For clients with dysphagia, ensuring that medications safely reach the stomach without entering the airway is the most important assessment prior to administration. Clinical reasoning: before performing any invasive or potentially risky nursing action, the nurse must first assess the client's status. Medication administration may seem simple, but for clients with dysphagia the potential aspiration risk is very high; therefore, assessing the client's ability to swallow is the critical first step to ensure safety.