— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在照顧一名罹患困難梭狀芽孢桿菌（C. diff）的病人，下列哪項感染控制措施為首要？
A nurse is managing the care of a client with Clostridium difficile. Which infection control measure is the priority?
- APlacing the client in a negative-pressure airflow room將病人安置於負壓氣流房間
- BImplementing contact precautions including soap and water handwashing✓ 正解實施接觸隔離措施，包括使用肥皂和水洗手
- CUsing alcohol-based hand sanitizer after patient care在病人照護後使用酒精性乾洗手液
- DRequiring staff to wear N95 respirators upon entry要求人員進入時佩戴 N95 呼吸器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
困難梭狀芽孢桿菌（C. diff）感染的病人具有高度傳染性。由於該菌會產生芽孢，酒精乾洗手液無法有效殺滅，因此在接觸該類病人後，必須使用「肥皂與水（soap and water）」進行機械性洗手，這是預防交叉感染最關鍵的措施。此外，該菌透過接觸傳播，必須實施接觸隔離（contact precautions），包括穿著隔離衣與手套。負壓病房與 N95 口罩是用於空氣傳播疾病，不適用於此。
C. difficile infection is highly transmissible. Because the bacterium forms spores that alcohol-based hand sanitizer cannot kill, hands must be washed with soap and water after care. Contact precautions—including gown and gloves—must be implemented because transmission occurs via contact. Negative-pressure rooms and N95 respirators are for airborne diseases and are not appropriate here.