— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
照護具自殺意念的病人時，哪些介入措施是必要的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are essential when caring for a client with suicidal ideation? (Select all that apply.)
- AEstablish a one-to-one observation level✓ 正解建立一對一觀察等級
- BRemove all potentially harmful objects from the environment✓ 正解移除環境中所有潛在有害物品
- CEncourage the client to keep their thoughts private鼓勵病人將想法保密
- DAssess the presence of a specific suicide plan✓ 正解評估是否有具體的自殺計畫
- EMaintain a safe, non-judgmental environment✓ 正解維持安全且非批判性的環境
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
自殺預防首重安全管理。一對一觀察（1:1 observation）確保病人隨時在視線範圍，移除環境中的危險品（如皮帶、利器），並評估具體計畫以確認風險等級。營造非批判環境有助病人說出真實想法。鼓勵隱私則會增加自殺風險。
Suicide prevention focuses first on safety management. One-to-one observation (1:1) ensures that the patient remains within sight at all times, removal of dangerous items from the environment (such as belts and sharp objects) and assessment of a specific plan confirm the level of risk. Creating a nonjudgmental environment helps the patient express genuine thoughts. Encouraging privacy, by contrast, increases the risk of suicide.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院常見『自殺觀察室』設計；台灣則多使用監視器與加強護理人力巡視。