— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備投予一種治療指數狹窄的藥物，下列哪些措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication with a narrow therapeutic index. Which actions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the dosage with another nurse✓ 正解与另一位护士核对剂量
- BMonitor serum drug levels regularly✓ 正解定期监测血清药物浓度
- CAdminister the drug exactly as prescribed✓ 正解严格按处方给药
- DAssess the client for signs of toxicity✓ 正解评估个案是否有中毒迹象
- EIncrease the dose to ensure therapeutic effect增加剂量以确保治疗效果
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療指數狹窄（narrow therapeutic index）的藥物，其有效劑量與毒性劑量相近，必須極度謹慎。雙人核對劑量、監測藥物濃度、精確給藥與監測毒性反應是標準步驟。自行增加劑量極度危險，嚴禁執行。
For medications with a narrow therapeutic index, the effective dose and the toxic dose are close together, requiring extreme caution. Double-checking the dose with another nurse, monitoring serum drug levels, administering the drug exactly as prescribed, and assessing for signs of toxicity are all standard steps. Independently increasing the dose is extremely dangerous and strictly prohibited.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台醫療院所對於高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medications）皆有嚴格管理辦法，包括自動化處方提示。