護理師照顧一位即將進行手術的病人，病人表示猶豫並說：「我不完全明白醫師說的手術風險。」護理師的首要行動為何？
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for surgery. The client expresses hesitation and states, 'I do not fully understand what the surgeon said about the risks.' What is the nurse's priority action?
- ANotify the surgeon about the client's concerns✓ 正解通知醫師關於病人的疑慮
- BExplain the surgical risks in detail to the client向病人詳細解釋手術風險
- CProceed with the preoperative checklist as planned按計劃進行術前檢查清單
- DAsk the family to provide consent instead請家屬代替簽署同意書
護理師的角色為倡導者與見證者。知情同意書（Informed Consent）的簽署前提是醫師必須向病人詳細說明治療計畫、風險、替代方案。若病人表示理解不足，護理師應立即聯絡醫師回訪，而非由護理師代為解釋手術風險，以免越權或資訊錯誤。
The nurse's role is that of advocate and witness. Informed consent depends on the surgeon explaining the proposed treatment, risks, and alternatives in detail. If the client states they do not understand, the nurse should immediately contact the surgeon to revisit the discussion rather than explaining the surgical risks themselves, which would exceed the nurse's scope and could lead to misinformation.
美台法律均要求醫師負責解釋手術風險。台灣常發生家屬代簽 consent 的情況，在美則需嚴格確認病人是否具備決策能力。