— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
哪些情況下護理師需使用個人防護裝備（PPE）？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following situations require the nurse to use personal protective equipment (PPE)? (Select all that apply.)
- AAssisting with a procedure with potential splashing of blood✓ 正解協助進行可能有血液飛濺的程序
- BCaring for a client with a respiratory infection✓ 正解照護患有呼吸道感染的病人
- CAdministering oral medication to a stable client給予穩定病人口服藥物
- DPerforming wound irrigation✓ 正解執行傷口沖洗
- ETouching a client's intact skin during a routine assessment在例行評估期間觸碰病人完整的皮膚
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
標準防護（Standard Precautions）要求在接觸血液、體液、呼吸道分泌物或預期有飛濺風險時使用 PPE。處理傷口清洗、操作血液相關程序、照護呼吸道感染者皆需穿戴。一般口服給藥、觸碰完整皮膚（非體液接觸）通常無需穿戴 PPE。
Standard Precautions require the use of PPE whenever contact with blood, body fluids, or respiratory secretions is anticipated or when there is a risk of splashing. PPE is required for wound irrigation, procedures involving blood, and care of clients with respiratory infections. Routine oral medication administration and contact with intact skin (without exposure to body fluids) generally do not require PPE.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆遵循 CDC 指導原則，COVID-19 疫情後，對於 PPE 的使用時機在兩地臨床現場皆更為嚴謹與專業。