護理師協助行動受限的病人從床邊轉移至椅子，哪項行為符合正確的身體力學原則？
A nurse is assisting a client with mobility limitations in transferring from the bed to a chair. Which action demonstrates correct body mechanics?
- ABending at the knees and hips while lifting✓ 正解抬起時彎曲膝蓋和臀部
- BTwisting the torso while pivoting the client旋轉病人時扭轉軀幹
- CKeeping feet close together to maintain balance雙腳併攏以保持平衡
- DHolding the client at arm's length to prevent contact將病人舉在手臂長度外以防止接觸
正確的身體力學要求核心肌群收縮，以腿部肌肉而非背部肌肉支撐重量。膝蓋與髖關節彎曲能降低重心，減少脊椎壓力。扭轉腰部會造成椎間盤壓力，雙腳併攏則底面積過小，皆為錯誤作法；與病人保持距離會增加手臂負擔，應儘量靠近。
Proper body mechanics require core muscle activation, using the leg muscles rather than the back to support weight. Bending the knees and hips lowers the center of gravity and reduces spinal load. Twisting at the waist puts stress on the intervertebral discs, and keeping the feet too close together narrows the base of support; both are incorrect techniques. Holding the client at arm's length increases the load on the arms, so the client should be kept close to the nurse's body.
台美護理教育皆強調此原則，但美國臨床常依賴移位輔具（如 Hoyer lift），台灣因病患家屬多，有時會過度依賴家屬搬運，忽略護理人員自身安全。