針對服用苯妥英（Phenytoin）治療癲癇的病人，下列哪些護理措施是正確的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client taking phenytoin for epilepsy? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain meticulous oral hygiene✓ 正解維持嚴謹的口腔衛生
- BMonitor for gingival hyperplasia✓ 正解監測牙齦增生
- CStop the medication immediately if a rash appears若出現皮疹立即停止用藥
- DConsume a diet high in calcium and vitamin D✓ 正解攝取高鈣和高維生素D的饮食
- EEnsure the client does not skip doses✓ 正解確保病人不要漏服劑量
Phenytoin 常見副作用包括牙齦增生（Gingival hyperplasia），因此口腔衛生極其重要。長期使用會影響鈣與維生素 D 代謝，需補充。此外，抗癲癇藥物一旦停藥易引發癲癇重積狀態，故不可隨意停藥。出現皮疹需立即回報，但「立即停止」需由醫師評估，因為可能為 SJS 徵兆，非護理師擅自停藥。
Common adverse effects of phenytoin include gingival hyperplasia, which makes meticulous oral hygiene essential. Long-term use also affects calcium and vitamin D metabolism, so supplementation is needed. In addition, abrupt discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs can precipitate status epilepticus, so doses must not be skipped or stopped without orders. A rash should be reported immediately because it may signal Stevens-Johnson syndrome, but the decision to stop the drug must be made by the physician rather than independently by the nurse.
兩國對於 SJS 的警覺性皆高。在台灣，針對服藥依從性與定期抽血監測濃度有明確衛教流程。