病人正接受靜脈輸注氯化鉀（10 mEq/hr），護理師發現注射部位紅腫且溫熱。哪項措施為優先？
A client is receiving an IV infusion of potassium chloride at 10 mEq/hour. The nurse notes the IV site is red, swollen, and warm. Which action is the priority?
- AFlush the IV line with normal saline to clear the vein以生理食鹽水沖洗靜脈導管以疏通血管
- BSlow the infusion rate until redness subsides減慢輸注速率直到紅腫消退
- CApply a warm compress to the site在注射部位應用熱敷
- DStop the infusion and remove the catheter✓ 正解停止輸注並移除導管
氯化鉀（Potassium Chloride）具有強烈的血管刺激性。當注射部位出現紅腫熱（靜脈炎徵象）時，意味著藥物可能已造成化學性血管損傷，甚至有滲漏（Infiltration/Extravasation）風險。護理師應立即停止輸注並移除導管，保護血管不再受進一步傷害，這是維護病人安全的優先動作。
Potassium chloride is highly irritating to blood vessels. When the IV site exhibits redness, swelling, and warmth (signs of phlebitis), this indicates that the medication may have caused chemical vascular damage and there is a risk of infiltration or extravasation. The nurse should immediately stop the infusion and remove the catheter to protect the vessel from further injury; this is the priority action to maintain patient safety.
在美國臨床，若鉀離子發生外滲，處理流程極為嚴謹，護理師需根據藥物外滲處理指引（Extravasation Protocol）確認是否需要給予解毒劑或進行特殊冷熱敷，這在 NCLEX 題目中需特別留意。