— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備對病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀 20 mEq。下列哪項操作對於維護病人安全至關重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 20 mEq IV piggyback to a client. Which action is essential for patient safety?
- AEnsure the concentration is diluted and infused slowly✓ 正解確保濃度經稀釋並緩慢輸注
- BAdminister the medication via IV push over 2 minutes於 2 分鐘內靜脈推注給藥
- CAdminister the medication without checking serum potassium在未檢查血清鉀的情況下給藥
- DPlace the client in a supine position during the infusion輸注期間讓病人採取仰臥姿勢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀（Potassium chloride）屬於高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。其高濃度會造成血管劇烈疼痛、靜脈炎甚至嚴重的致命性心律不整。絕對禁止靜脈推注（IV Push）。正確做法為充分稀釋後以幫浦（Infusion pump）緩慢滴注，給藥前必須確認腎功能與血鉀濃度，確保安全。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication. High concentrations cause severe vascular pain, phlebitis, and even life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. IV push administration is absolutely prohibited. The correct method is to fully dilute the medication and infuse it slowly via an infusion pump. Before administration, renal function and serum potassium levels must be verified to ensure safety.