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藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA

護理師準備給予萬古黴素(Vancomycin)。哪些評估結果需要暫停給藥並聯繫醫療團隊?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin. Which assessment findings require the nurse to hold the dose and notify the healthcare provider? (Select all that apply.)

  • AElevated serum creatinine level✓ 正解
    血清肌酸酐升高
  • BDecreased urine output✓ 正解
    尿量減少
  • CReddening of the face and neck
    面部和頸部潮紅
  • DElevated trough level✓ 正解
    血中波谷濃度升高
  • EMild localized itching at the IV site
    靜脈注射部位輕微局部搔癢
Explanation · 中文詳解

萬古黴素具腎毒性,若肌酸酐升高或尿量減少,代表腎功能受損,需暫停並評估;波谷濃度(Trough level)過高亦代表藥物蓄積,有中毒風險需調整劑量。C 為「紅人症」(Red Man Syndrome),通常藉由減慢速度緩解,不一定要完全停藥。E 則為局部反應,亦不需停藥。

Vancomycin is nephrotoxic, so elevated creatinine, decreased urine output, and high trough levels indicate potential toxicity requiring dose adjustment or discontinuation. Red man syndrome is typically managed by slowing the infusion rather than holding the dose entirely.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美皆強調萬古黴素給藥時的藥物濃度監測(TDM),但在紅人症的處理上,美國護理師常依 protocol 調整速度,台灣則多會聯繫醫師確認。

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