— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病患醫囑靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq。給藥前下列哪項評估為優先？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which assessment is priority before administration?
- ABlood glucose level血糖值
- BSerum creatinine血清肌酸酐
- CRespiratory rate呼吸頻率
- DUrine output✓ 正解尿量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈注射氯化鉀（Potassium Chloride）具有高度危險性，因為鉀離子主要經由腎臟排泄。若病患腎功能不佳（如尿量不足），給藥後極易導致高血鉀（Hyperkalemia），進而引發致命性心律不整（如心室顫動）。護理師在給藥前必須確保腎臟排泄功能正常，尿量（Urine output）即是最即時且具臨床意義的指標。
Intravenous potassium chloride is highly hazardous because potassium is primarily excreted by the kidneys. If renal function is impaired (for example, when urine output is inadequate), administration can easily lead to hyperkalemia, which can trigger life-threatening arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. Before administration, the nurse must ensure that renal excretory function is intact, and urine output is the most immediate and clinically meaningful indicator.