一位第一型糖尿病病人出現庫斯毛耳呼吸（Kussmaul respirations）及呼氣有水果味。下列哪項護理措施是合適的？
A nurse is caring for a client with Type 1 Diabetes who presents with Kussmaul respirations and fruity breath. Which nursing action is appropriate?
- AProvide a high-carbohydrate snack提供高碳水化合物點心
- BAdminister rapid-acting insulin給予速效胰島素
- CInitiate continuous cardiac monitoring✓ 正解啟動連續性心電圖監測
- DEncourage deep breathing exercises鼓勵做深呼吸運動
病人出現酮酸中毒（DKA）徵兆，關鍵在於高血糖及電解質失衡（特別是鉀離子移動）。C 正確，高鉀血症常見於 DKA，需監控心律不整。A 需醫師醫囑後進行補液與胰島素給予；A 錯誤，會惡化高血糖；D 無法解決代謝性酸中毒。
The client is showing signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); the key issues are hyperglycemia and electrolyte imbalance (especially potassium shifting). Option C is correct, as hyperkalemia is common in DKA and cardiac arrhythmias must be monitored. Option B requires a physician's order for fluid resuscitation and insulin administration. Option A is incorrect because it will worsen hyperglycemia. Option D cannot resolve metabolic acidosis.
美國護理師常依 Protocol 啟動 DKA 治療組合，台灣則嚴格執行醫師開立的點滴與胰島素滴注計畫。